Dream - The process of planet formation may not always be as we imagine. In the early stages, large planets do not immediately take the form of a sphere, but rather a flat disk or what is called an oblate spheroid. As they rotate, these protoplanets gradually attract material, eventually forming Jupiter with a spherical or round shape.

There are more than 5,500 planets in the Milky Way galaxy that have been recorded up to this point, but it is not known how they all formed. When a star is born, it is formed from a very large and dense cloud of gas and dust in space, the cloud collapses due to gravity and begins to rotate.

The surrounding material forms a disc that rolls into a small star, making it grow larger. Not all of the discs fall into the star. The remaining ones form other objects that make up the planetary system, namely planets, comets, asteroids, and moons.

But how can the material inside the disk merge? For smaller terrestrial planets like Earth, Venus, Mars, and Mercury, scientists believe that these planets are gradually built up from the accumulation of rock fragments that stick together and accumulate until a planet forms. For larger planets, scientists believe that something called disk instability may occur.

Adam Fenton also conducted simulations by adjusting various aspects of the process, such as gas density, temperature, and disk velocity. The results showed that the giant protoplanets initially formed a disk while rotating. The centrifugal force and the fact that the protoplanet was still a relatively loose collection of matter at that stage are reasonable explanations.

"Even well-formed and much denser planets in the solar system have centrifugal bulges around their equators. This simulation also shows that accumulated material in growing protoplanets mainly occurs at the poles, not around the equator. The research found that the nature of protoplanets embedded in a stellar disk can vary, depending on the perspective."