Prayer of Prostration for Forgetfulness and the Reasons for Its Implementation

amalan sunnah

"Prostration of Forgetfulness Prayer and Its Reasons for Implementation"

The sujud sahwi is performed to complete any deficiencies or excesses in prayer.

Dream - Sujud is one of the pillars of prayer that must not be abandoned. In obligatory prayer, we will perform sujud twice in each raka'ah. In addition to the sujud that is commonly performed during prayer, Muslims also know the term sujud sahwi. Usually, sujud sahwi is done at the end of prayer when someone forgets a prayer movement or unintentionally performs something that is not commanded. When performing that prayer movement, Muslims will recite the prayer of sujud sahwi because it concerns the perfection of prayer.

The word "sahwi" comes from the Arabic language, which means forgetful or negligent. "Sujud sahwi" means performed when someone forgets or neglects to do something or, on the contrary, exceeds the number of units or recitations in their prayer.

Prayer of Prostration for Forgetfulness and the Reasons for Its Implementation

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:
"Apabila kalian ragu dalam (jumlah rakaat) sholat, maka tinggalkan keraguan dan ambillah yang yakin. Kemudian sujudlah dua kali sebelum salam. Jika ternyata dia sholat lima rakaat, maka sujudnya telah menggenapkan sholatnya. Lalu jika ternyata sholatnya memang empat rakaat, maka sujudnya itu adalah sebagai penghinaan bagi setan." Translation: "If you are uncertain about the number of rak'ahs in prayer, then leave the doubt and take what you are sure of. Then prostrate twice before the salutation. If it turns out that the prayer consists of five rak'ahs, then the prostrations have completed the prayer. But if it turns out that the prayer indeed consists of four rak'ahs, then those prostrations are a humiliation for Satan."

(HR. Muslim)

"Causes of Sujud Sahwi"

Sujud sahwi is performed due to three reasons, which are, adding, subtracting, and being uncertain in performing obligatory or voluntary prayers due to forgetfulness.

Leaving the Sunnah Ab'ad

It is recommended to perform the prostration of forgetfulness if during prayer one leaves out the recommended actions, which include qunut during dawn prayer, the initial tashahhud, sending blessings upon the Prophet during the sitting position, sending blessings upon the Prophet during the final tashahhud, and sitting for the initial tashahhud.

Extending the Rukun Qashir

When you forget to do something that invalidates the prayer if done intentionally, such as prolonging the recitation during i'tidal that should be recited briefly, and sitting between two prostrations. Both are essential qashir acts that should not be prolonged.

Saying Rukun Qauli is not in its place.

When moving the rukun qauli (utterance) out of its place, if moving this rukun does not invalidate the prayer. An example is reciting Al-Fatihah while sitting between two prostrations, and similar examples.

"Doubt"

Prostration of forgetfulness is recommended when someone is uncertain about leaving a perpetual tradition. Sometimes, we are unsure if we have performed the qunut or not, thus in reality, it is considered that we have not performed the qunut.

"Forgot the Number of Rakaat"

Performing an act that is likely classified as an addition. For example, when someone forgets the count of prayer rak'ahs, they are unsure whether they have reached the third rak'ah or the fourth. This condition is returned to the original rule, which is the third rak'ah, so they are required to add one more rak'ah.

"The Story of Prophet Muhammad SAW"

Once upon a time, the Prophet Muhammad SAW forgot the number of rak'ahs for the Isya' prayer. Then the companions asked about the Isya' prayer on that night, which was only two rak'ahs. The Prophet Muhammad SAW asked again if it was true that the number of rak'ahs for the Isya' prayer that had just been performed was only two or not. The companions answered yes, then the Prophet Muhammad invited all the congregation to complete the Isya' prayer by performing the two missed rak'ahs, making it four rak'ahs in total.

After greeting, the Prophet performed the prostration of forgetfulness twice for the first time. This event is the background for recommending the prostration of forgetfulness when forgetting the number of units in prayer.

"Kesunahan" in English is "Mistake".

According to the references of the Shafi'i books, it is explained that sujud sahwi is only recommended, for example, as found in the book Dalil al-Muhtaj fi Syarh al-Minhaj by Syekh Abu Abdurrahman Rajab Nuri: "Sujud sahwi is considered a highly recommended practice, even in voluntary prayers, except for funeral prayers. Sujud sahwi serves to prevent deficiencies in prayer."

"Not Required to Repeat Prayer"

According to Imam Asy-Syafi'i in his statement in the book al-Um, a person who neglects the prostration of forgetfulness (sujud sahwi) in prayer is not obligated to repeat their prayer. Thus, the prayer they performed is still considered valid and fulfills their obligation.

Prayer of Prostration for Forgetfulness
"صيبّنَانّ مَن لاي يَهُى وَن لاََِى Subhāna man lā yashū wa lā yanāmuArtinya: “Mahasuci Zat yang tidak lupa dan tidak tidur.”"

"(Book Fathul Mu'in)"

"Prayer of Prostration for Forgetfulness"

Syekh Nawawi Al-Bantani mentioned the recitation of the supplication of prostration for forgetfulness and its meaning as follows: _{سُبْحَانَ مَنْ لَا يَسْهُو وَلَا يَغْفُلُ} Subhāna man lā yashū wa lā yaghfulu. Meaning: "Glorified is He who does not forget and does not neglect."