What is Martyrdom? This is the Types and Criteria that Muslims Need to Know

What is Mati Syahid? Here are the Types and Criteria that Muslims Need to Know.

What is Martyrdom? This is the Types and Criteria that Muslims Need to Know

Dream - Have Dream's friends ever heard of dying as a martyr? Yes, dying as a martyr describes the condition in which someone dies while upholding the religion of Allah SWT. Therefore, those who die in such a state have their own special privileges.

Especially lately, the world has been presented with news about the ongoing war between Israel and Palestine. In this event, many people have been killed as a result of attacks and have been declared martyrs. The specialness of being martyred has been explained by Allah SWT in Surah An-Nisa verse 74: "So let those fight in the cause of Allah who sell the life of this world for the Hereafter. And he who fights in the cause of Allah and is killed or achieves victory - We will bestow upon him a great reward." (Quran, An-Nisa: 74) However, martyrdom is further divided into several types based on its criteria. Here is an explanation as summarized by Dream from various sources.

Definition of Mati Syahid

Quoted from rumahfiqih.com, the term "syahid" with the "fa'ill" pattern is derived from the root word "syahida-wasyhadu-syahadah" which means 'to witness'. The words "syaahid" and "syahiid" refer to the actor of the act of witnessing or a person who witnesses or becomes a witness.

Besides meaning as 'witness', the term syahid also means a person who is present in a certain place. This is based on the saying of the Prophet Muhammad as follows: "It is not permissible for a woman to fast while her husband is present, except with his permission." (HR. Bukhari) So, a person who is in the condition of being a martyr is someone who becomes a witness to mankind. As explained in the words of Allah SWT through the verse of Surah Al-Hajj verse 78 which means as follows: "...and so that you all become witnesses over all mankind..." (QS. Al-Hajj: 78)

"Type of Death: Martyrdom"

Martyrdom itself is divided into several types. This has been explained in the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad. Now, here are some of the types of martyrdom that Sahabat Dream needs to know:

1. The Person Killed in the Way of Allah SWT

In this case, most of the Prophet's companions experienced martyrdom by being killed in battle. However, in modern times, there are specific conditions and criteria for a war to be considered as a war in the path of Allah.

2. Death on the Path of Allah SWT

Dying in the way of Allah SWT is not only through war, for example, it can be while seeking knowledge, passing away during preaching and having an accident, or dying while fighting against wrongdoing.

3. Disease Outbreak or Pandemic

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said in a hadith narrated by Muslim, "Whoever dies due to a plague, is considered a martyr." Just like the tha'un disease, which is similar to the Covid-19 pandemic that occurred recently.

4. Disease in the Stomach

Explained in a hadith narrated by Muslim, "Whoever dies due to (having a disease) in the stomach, then he is a martyr." (HR. Muslim). Imam Nawawi said that the reward for a person who dies due to a disease in the stomach, such as drowning, giving birth, and others, is that of a martyr.

5. Tertimpa Benda Keras translates to "5. Crushed by a Hard Object" in English.

A person who dies from being hit by a hard object, such as a tree, landslide, plane, house during an earthquake, or missile, is considered a martyr.

6. Defending Religion and Family Members

The translation of the given 'Bahasa' text to 'English' while preserving the HTML tags is as follows: "The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever is killed defending his wealth, he is a martyr. Whoever is killed defending his religion, he is a martyr. Whoever is killed defending his life, he is a martyr. And whoever is killed defending his family, he is a martyr.'"

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