Like overall crime rates, the impact of crime, violence, terrorist threats, natural disasters, economic vulnerability to personal security. Then the level and quality of healthcare services and infrastructure, availability and quality of urban infrastructure, to digital security risks.

Ten least risky cities for tourists in the world:
Singapore
Tokyo, Japan
Toronto, Canada
Sydney, Australia
Zurich, Switzerland
Copenhagen, Denmark
Seoul, South Korea
Osaka, Japan
Melbourne, Australia
Amsterdam, Netherlands

Besides that, Forbes Advisor also released a list of the 10 most risky cities in the world for tourists, here is the list:
Caracas, Venezuela
Karachi, Pakistan
Yangon, Myanmar
Lagos, Nigeria
Manila, Philippines
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bogota, Colombia
Cairo, Egypt
Mexico City, Mexico
Quito, Ecuador