The subduction zone is usually located at the boundary between two tectonic plates, and megathrust earthquakes occur when the accumulated pressure from the movement of these plates is suddenly released. Megathrust earthquakes are known as very powerful earthquakes because they involve very long and deep faults, often spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometers. The energy released from these earthquakes can be very large, reaching a magnitude of 8 or higher. Megathrust earthquakes also have the potential to trigger tsunamis, which can cause further damage in coastal areas.

"In Indonesia, the areas vulnerable to megathrust earthquakes are the regions along the meeting point of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate, which stretches from western Sumatra, Java, to Nusa Tenggara. Awareness of megathrust earthquakes is very important,"

"Make sure the house is built on stable ground. Avoid building on land that is prone to landslides or in areas that have the potential for liquefaction (the ground turning to liquid during an earthquake). The foundation of the house must be strong and deep, using appropriate materials such as reinforced concrete. The foundation should be designed to withstand the loads and seismic forces that may occur."

The connection between the column and the beam usually becomes loose during an earthquake. As a result, the house quickly becomes damaged and collapses. Therefore, the connection must be ensured to be really strong.

"Use high-quality building materials that meet standards, such as reinforced concrete, steel, or strong wood. Low-quality materials can crack or break when subjected to earthquake vibrations. Use flexible materials that can absorb earthquake energy, such as steel or wood, which tend to be more resistant to movement compared to concrete or bricks."

Damping walls (shear walls) are designed to withstand lateral forces from earthquakes. These walls are usually made of reinforced concrete or reinforced wood, and are strategically placed throughout the building to enhance stability.

"Avoid placing windows and doors close together at the corners of the building. Too many openings in the walls can reduce the strength of the walls. Ensure there is sufficient distance between windows and doors, and make sure the surrounding structure is reinforced."

"Avoid using materials that are too heavy at the top of the building. Weight concentrated at the top can cause the building to become unstable during an earthquake. Distribute the load evenly throughout the building."

"Always consult with experienced architects and civil engineers in earthquake-resistant building design. They can ensure that all technical aspects of the building are designed to minimize risks when an earthquake occurs."

"Add structural reinforcement or bracing to the building, especially in vulnerable areas like exterior walls. This bracing can be made of steel or wood installed diagonally to enhance the strength of the structure."

"Make sure the roof is installed well and securely. Avoid using roofs that are too heavy and ensure that the roof is tightly bound to the main structure of the building."