Mengapa Umur Manusia Tak Sampai 200 Tahun? Ternyata Ini Jawaban Ilmuwan

sains

"Why Doesn't Human Age Reach 200 Years? Apparently This is the Answer from Scientists"

There is a significant difference in the aging process in mammals, including humans, compared to the aging speed of a large number of reptile and amphibian species.

A researcher stated that this difference may be caused by the dominance of dinosaurs millions of years ago, which occurred during a critical period in mammalian history. Joao Pedro de Magalhaes, a microbiology expert from the University of Birmingham, England, explained the concept of "longevity barriers" in a recently published paper.

"In the era of dinosaurs, small mammals were believed to have to reproduce quickly in order to survive. Therefore, genes related to longevity may have been deleted during the process of evolution."

Mengapa Umur Manusia Tak Sampai 200 Tahun? Ternyata Ini Jawaban Ilmuwan

"Several early mammals were forced to live at the bottom of the food chain, and most likely spent 100 million years during the dinosaur era evolving to survive through rapid reproduction,"
"ujar De Magalhaes" translates to "said De Magalhaes" in English.

"Swipe Up"

"Evolutionary pressure over a long period of time, in my opinion, affects the way humans age," quoted from Science Alert.

The translation of the given 'Bahasa' text to 'English' while preserving any html tags is: "The results of this study also indicate that during the dinosaur era, the ancestors of eutherian mammals lost certain enzymes that play a role in repairing damage caused by ultraviolet rays."

What is interesting is that, even in pouch-bearing animals and monotremes, at least one of the three UV repair enzymes called photolysis is not possessed. It is difficult to determine whether this is related to their relatively shorter lifespan. One possibility is that the loss of this enzyme in mammals occurred because they became more active at night to ensure safety, and millions of years later, humans replaced it with the use of sunscreen cream.

Other signs, such as lifelong tooth growth observed in some reptile species, do not occur in humans. This may be caused by genetic selection that took place hundreds of thousands of years ago.

"Kami melihat contoh perbaikan dan regenerasi yang luar biasa di dunia hewan. Informasi genetik tersebut tidak diperlukan bagi mamalia awal yang beruntung tidak menjadi makanan T. rex," ujar De Magalhaes.

Of course, some mammals celebrate three-digit ages, such as whales and humans, which can reach that age.

"Research Focus in the Future"

"Does our adherence to the limitations imposed by our ancestors who had short lifespans, or how we evolve so as not to be influenced by the legacy of our ancestors, become the focus of future research?"

Knowing more about the factors that cause aging is beneficial in efforts to fight diseases related to aging, such as dementia and stroke. Genetics, which is the cause of "longevity barriers," may provide more insights for our understanding here.

"Although currently just a hypothesis, there are many interesting perspectives to consider, including the prospect that cancer occurs more frequently in mammals compared to other species due to the rapid aging process."
De Magalhaes says.

Source: Science Alert

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