Dream - Ramadan fasting is obligatory for Muslims, both males and females who have reached puberty. However, there are certain conditions that prevent someone from fasting. Islam itself always facilitates its followers in worship, including fasting. When someone is unable to fast, they can make up for it outside of fasting time or by paying fidyah.

Therefore, they are required to pay fidyah according to the predetermined measurement. Payment can be made in several forms. Such as money or staple food such as rice. Well, here are the provisions for paying fidyah for Ramadan fasting as summarized by Dream through various sources.

Like illness or physical weakness that makes them unable to fast. Fidyah usually takes the form of payment of a certain amount of money or the provision of food to those in need for every day of fasting that is not observed. The giving of fidyah is considered an alternative for people who cannot fast for certain reasons, so that they can still fulfill their religious obligations without having to fast directly.

Five categories of people who are obliged to pay fidyah for fasting include elderly parents who are unable to fast due to old age and physical weakness. Then there are severely ill people who cannot fast due to deteriorating health conditions, pregnant or breastfeeding women who cannot fast due to concerns about the health of their baby. Next, there are deceased individuals who have not yet fulfilled their Ramadan fast, as well as those who delay making up missed Ramadan fasts for certain reasons.

Elderly people who are unable to fast can pay fidyah as a substitute for the missed fasts. The same goes for severely ill individuals who are medically advised against fasting. Pregnant or nursing women who are concerned about the health of their babies can pay fidyah as a replacement for the missed fasts. Those who have passed away or intentionally delay making up missed Ramadan fasts can also pay fidyah as a substitute for the unfulfilled fasts.

All categories of people are required to pay fidyah as a form of compensation for their inability to observe fasting.

There are differences of opinion among scholars regarding the timing of fidyah payment. Some scholars believe that fidyah should be paid before Eid al-Fitr to help those in need. Meanwhile, other scholars believe that fidyah can be paid on the day itself or a few days after.

However, the majority of scholars agree that the payment of fidyah should ideally be done before Eid al-Fitr to ensure that assistance to those in need can be provided in a timely manner. Nevertheless, religious instructions still provide flexibility to allow for certain situations such as late payments or difficult economic conditions.

According to the Hanafi scholars, the fidyah that must be paid is equivalent to 2 mud or approximately 1/2 sha' of wheat (1 sha' is equivalent to 4 mud, which is around 3 kg, so 1/2 sha' is approximately 1.5 kg). The second rule is generally used for those who wish to pay with rice. For pregnant women, the way to pay the fidyah for staple food, if not fasting for 30 days, is to provide 30 takar of fidyah. Each takar is 1.5 kg.

idyah is allowed to be paid to 30 poor people or just a few people. For example, 2 people, then each person receives 15 takar. According to Hanafi scholars, the payment of fidyah is allowed by using money according to the prevailing measurement. For example, 5 kg of staple food per day is converted into rupiah.

To pay for fidyah for Ramadan fasting according to the Hanafi scholars, it is by giving money equivalent to the price of dates or grapes weighing 3.25 kg for each missed fasting day. Any additional amount is based on multiples of the fasting days.

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وَيْتُ أَنْ أُخْرِجَ هَذِهِ الْفِدْيَةِ عَنْ تَأْخِيرِ قَضَاءِ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانِ فَرْضًا لِلَهِ تَعَالَى Translation: "I intend to pay this fidyah as compensation for the delayed makeup of fasting in Ramadan, as an obligation to Allah."