The Story of the Umayyad Dynasty and the Controversy of the Age of Governance Associated with Surah Al-Qadr

So, in that Surah, it is also mentioned about the descent of the Quran on the night of Lailatul Qadr, which is better than a thousand months. This is related to the length of the Umayyad Dynasty's reign.

To find out the full story, here is a summary compiled by Dream from various sources.

The Pledge of Allegiance to Muawiyah

Regarding the interpretation of Surah Al-Qadr, Abu Isa At-Turmuzi narrated to Mahmud Ibn Gailan, Abu Daud At-Tayalisi, Al-Qasim Ibnul Fadl Haddani, from Yusuf Ibn Sa'd, who said that a man rose up to Al-Hasan Ibn Ali after pledging allegiance to Mu'awiyah.

"You have disgraced the face of the believers." said the man.

"Do not insult me, may Allah have mercy on you, for indeed the Prophet (saw) once saw the Umayyad Dynasty on his pulpit. This made him feel sad. Then Allah revealed the verse (Surah Al-Kawthar verse 1) and also revealed the verse (Surah Al-Qadr verses 1 - 3)."

Then Al-Qasim said and calculated it. It is known that the Umayyad Dynasty's reign lasted for one thousand months. It was neither more nor less, not even a single day.

The Strange Hadith

Through Ibn Kathir, it is stated that Imam Turmuzi considered this hadith to be strange. They were not familiar with it, except through this chain of narration, namely the hadith of Al-Qasim Ibnul Fadl.

In the book Mustadrak by Imam Hakim, he narrated this hadith through the chain of Al-Qasim Ibnul Fadl, from Yusuf Ibn Mazin, with the same chain of narration. As for Imam Turmuzi's statement that Yusuf Ibn Sa'd is an unknown person, it needs to be further examined. Because several scholars have narrated from him, such as Hammad Ibn Salamah, Khalid Al-Hazza, and Yunus Ibn Ubaid. Then Yahya Ibn Mu'in considered him to be a well-known person. And according to the narration of Ibn Mu'in, Yusuf Ibn Sa'd is a trustworthy person.

Ibn Kathir stated that, "Your teacher, Imam Al-Hafiz Al-Hujjah Abul Hajjaj Al-Maziy, said that this hadith is considered weak."

Ibn Kathir also said that the statement of Al-Qasim Ibnul Fadl Al-Haddani, who claimed to have calculated the Umayyad Dynasty's reign and found it to be one thousand months, neither more nor less, is not correct.

This is because Mu'awiyah Ibn Abu Sufyan only took over the governance when Al-Hasan Ibn Ali handed it over to him in the 40th year of Hijri. Then all the pledges agreed to Mu'awiyah, and that year was called the year of Jama'ah.

The Governance of the Umayyad Dynasty

Furthermore, the Umayyad Dynasty continued to hold power successively in the land of Syria and other lands. Almost all regions submitted to them, except during the governance of Abdullah Ibnuz Zubair in Mecca and Medina, Al-Ahwaz, and the neighboring lands for nine years.

However, they still remained under the rule of the Umayyad Dynasty, except for certain regions. Until finally, the caliphate was seized by the Abbasid Dynasty in the year 132. So, the overall reign of the Umayyad Dynasty lasted for 92 years, which is more than one thousand months. When added up, it is only 83 years and 4 months.

Ibn Kathir said that Al-Qasim Ibnul Fadl had excluded their reign during the time of Ibnuz Zubair (only 9 years). So, that number is close to the truth as he claimed. And Allah knows best.