7 Kerajaan Afrika di Zaman Kuno yang Pernah Ditemukan, Punya Sejarah Luar Biasa

7 Ancient African Kingdoms that Have Been Discovered, Have Extraordinary Histories

1. Kingdom of Zimbabwe

The Kingdom of Zimbabwe was established by the Shona tribe in southern central Africa around the year 1200 and lasted until around the year 1600. The abandoned major city, made of stone without mortar, is the largest stone structure in pre-colonial southern Africa; it covers several square miles and was home to 18,000 people.

Most of it is still unexplored, but recent research shows that city builders are overcoming severe water shortages by storing it in holes called dhaka. Sophisticated irrigation systems enable crop cultivation, and Great Zimbabwe trades gold, copper, and ivory with other parts of Africa and the Middle East.

2. Garamantes Kingdom

The Kingdom of Garamantes rapidly developed in the Fezzan region of southwestern Libya after around 400 BC. This kingdom consisted of several major cities that were supplied by a unique irrigation system that channeled water through underground tunnels from nearby ancient aquifers in the desert sandstone, which had formed millions of years earlier.

3. Kingdom of Benin

The Kingdom of Benin is located in the southern region of Nigeria from around the 12th to the 19th century. It is also known as the Kingdom of Edo, based on the name of its capital city and the ethnic group that founded it. The Kingdom of Benin was a major center of learning and trade, but in the 17th century, it also became a major source of slaves for colonization in America.

However, since the 15th century, Benin has been known for its bronze sculptures made from metal rings called manillas that were imported by the Portuguese. These sculptures often depict prominent individuals with unique styles, and thousands of these sculptures were stolen and exported worldwide after the kingdom was conquered by the British in 1897.

4. Zulu Kingdom

The Zulu Kingdom developed from the Zulu ethnic group in southern Africa with the arrival of a man named Shaka in the late 18th century, and it still exists today as part of modern South Africa.

According to James Gump, an emeritus professor of history at the University of San Diego and author of The Dust Rose Like Smoke: The Subjugation of the Zulu and the Sioux (Nebraska Press, 1994), Shaka is an illegitimate child of a tribal chief. Zulu people who were exiled to live among the ruling Mthethwa clan.

5. Mali Empire

The Mali Empire dominated most of West Africa starting in 1235, when a kingdom confederation overthrew the Sosso Empire in the region. At its peak in the 14th century, the Mali Empire controlled over 400 cities in modern-day Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, etc.

6. Aksum Kingdom

The Aksum Kingdom is one of the most powerful kingdoms in the ancient world. Located alongside the Red Sea in the northern regions of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Yemen, the Aksum Kingdom was a center of trade for ivory, gold, spices, and textiles from the 1st century BC to the 9th century AD and traded with the Roman Empire.

7. Kingdom of Kush

The following is the translation of the given 'Bahasa' text to 'English' while preserving any html tags: The Kingdom of Kush is located on the Nile River in a region called Nubia, in the area that is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt. The Kushites worship Amun as their supreme deity and bury the deceased they honor in pyramid tombs. However, they have a very different language, ethnicity, and culture, including their own writing system.

The Kingdom of Kush developed from the Kerma culture, which occupied Nubia around 2500 BC. After their defeat in Egypt, the capital of Kush was Meroë, the ruins of which can now be seen approximately 120 miles (200 kilometers) northeast of Khartoum in what is now called Sudan.

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