Penemuan di Bawah Laut Paling Membingungkan Sepanjang 2023

"Most Confusing Underwater Discoveries Throughout 2023"

The following is the translation of the given 'Bahasa' text to 'English' while preserving any HTML tags: "The deep sea is a mysterious and foreign world. However, every year, scientists make discoveries about the depths of the ocean that help fill in pieces of the puzzle, and this year is no different. From giant underwater mountains and the deepest living fish to mysterious golden spheres and perplexing methane leaks, here are the top 10 deep-sea discoveries of 2023."

"Massive underwater mountain"

"In November, researchers conducting underwater mapping near Guatemala discovered a giant underwater mountain, or seamount, that is twice as tall as the world's tallest building, Burj Khalifa."

The following 'Bahasa' text translated to 'English' while preserving any html tags: "The cone-shaped structure, which has a height of 1,600 meters or equivalent to 5,250 feet, is located at a depth of 2,400 meters or 7,870 feet below sea level. It is the remains of an ancient underwater volcano and covers an area of approximately 14 square kilometers or 5.4 square miles. Researchers discovered it using multibeam sonar during a six-day journey between Costa Rica and the East Pacific Rise - the boundary of tectonic plates in the middle of the Pacific Ocean."

"Hot waves of the deep sea"

Study in March, researchers revealed that several of the deepest points in the ocean may have experienced previously unknown heatwaves that threaten the creatures living there.

Heatwaves near the sea surface, which are the result of human-induced climate change and oceanographic phenomena such as El Niño, have been recorded for several decades. The model reveals that these deep-sea heatwaves can be more extreme and last longer than surface heatwaves.

Golden mysterious ball

In September, researchers from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) dug up a mysterious golden ball from the seabed in Alaska Bay.

The researchers lifted the golden ball from an underwater mountain about 3,300 meters below the surface using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV).

The mysterious object has a width of about 10 centimeters and appears to be connected to a stone. When pulled to the surface, most of the structure of the ball disappears and "melts" into a sticky pile.

"Volcano covered in eggs"

"In July, researchers explored ancient deep-sea volcanoes off the coast of Canada's Pacific and discovered that they are still active — and covered by up to 1 million soccer ball-sized eggs."

The following is the translation of the text from 'Bahasa' to 'English' while preserving the HTML tags: "Underwater mountain, which rises 1,100 meters above the sea floor, spews warm water rich in nutrients that support the thriving deep-sea coral ecosystem and serve as a sanctuary for Pacific white stingrays. The stingrays have laid many rectangular-shaped eggs, known as "mermaid purses," on the mountain. Scientists estimate that there are between 100,000 to over one million eggs in the area. "

"Mysterious methane leakage"

In August, researchers discovered a large and puzzling methane leak originating from the deepest point at the bottom of the Baltic Sea.

The team found that the greenhouse gas was "practically boiling everywhere" in an area of about 20 square kilometers, approximately 4,000 football fields, at a depth of about 400 meters. The gas rising from this area reaches a height of about 20 meters below sea level. Researchers believe that methane comes from decaying organic matter on the seabed, but it is unclear why there is so much of it and why it rises so high in the water column.

Fish with the deepest inhabitants that ever existed

In April, scientists released chilling footage of a group of ghostly white fish swimming at the bottom of the sea more than 5 miles (8 km) below the waves in one of the deepest trenches in the world.

Ikan dengan penghuni terdalam yang pernah ada

The unidentified species of snailfish, possibly belonging to the genus Pseudoliparis, was observed by researchers controlling an ROV in the Izu-Ogasawara Trench near Japan at a depth of 27,349 feet (8,336 meters). The immense pressure at this depth would crush most fish. However, snailfish have replaced their scales with a layer of gelatinous substance that helps absorb this pressure. Snailfish also contain special chemicals that protect them at a cellular level.

"Terumbu karang laut dalam" translates to "Deep sea coral reefs" in English.

During a 30-day expedition off the coast of Ecuador, the ocean explorer discovered a pair of deep-sea coral reefs that are still intact near the Galápagos Islands.

The following is the translation of the text from 'Bahasa' to 'English' while preserving the HTML tags: The coral reefs are located approximately 1,000 feet (300 m) below sea level, much deeper than most coral reefs, and the largest of the two has a length of over 2,600 feet (800 m).
"They become homes to many other creatures including crustaceans, anemones, sea stars, and sea urchins."

Expedition also confirms the existence of two sea peaks in the nearby area, which were previously detected by scientists through satellite data.

"'Untouched wilderness forest' is threatened"

In the May research, researchers revealed that one of the most promising locations for deep-sea mining activities in the future is home to over 5,000 newly identified species of animals, all of which could be in danger if humans start mining in the area.

The following is the translation of the given text from 'Bahasa' to 'English' while preserving any html tags: The Clarion-Clipperton Zone is a vast deep-sea basin, stretching from Mexico to Hawaii and covering approximately 2.3 million square miles. Researchers have analyzed over 100,000 individual records collected from the area and estimate that 90% of the species they have identified could be new species to science. Deep-sea mining, which may officially begin in the coming years, could threaten all of these species.

The translated text in English while preserving the HTML tags is: "The hidden underworld"

In August, scientists exploring the hydrothermal vent field in the Pacific Ocean discovered a hidden ecosystem buried beneath a mini volcanic dome.

Ventilation hydrothermal, located on the East Pacific Ridge near Central America, has been studied for over 40 years. They have discovered diverse marine creatures including worms, snails, and octopuses that live at deep sea depths. "The discovery of a truly extraordinary new ecosystem, hidden beneath another ecosystem, provides new evidence that life exists in extraordinary places," wrote the researchers.

The translation of the text "Peta gunung berapi yang 'mencengangkan'" from Bahasa to English while preserving any HTML tags is: "The 'astonishing' volcano map."

In April, researchers published an "amazing" map of over 19,000 underwater volcanoes worldwide, most of which are new discoveries.

Researchers use radar data from various satellites to complete the map. The satellites search for small deviations in gravity generated by underwater volcanoes and are able to see underwater hills as small as 1,100 meters. The team believes that the map can help scientists understand more about ocean currents, plate tectonics, and climate change.

The following is the translation of the text from 'Bahasa' to 'English' while preserving the HTML tags:
This map is one of the most comprehensive underwater mountain compendiums ever created, but researchers still argue that there are thousands of structures yet to be discovered on the seabed.

Source: Live Science

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