Lettuce, scientifically known as Lactuca sativa L, is one of the popular vegetables among many people and often plays an important part in their diet. The special thing about lettuce is its light taste that doesn't disturb the palate, so even people who are not particularly fond of vegetables tend to enjoy it. There are seven main types of lettuce, including cos or romaine, butterhead, leaf, stem, crisphead, latin, and oilseed, each with their own characteristics.

Lettuce is a type of vegetable that is rich in essential nutrients such as folate and vitamin A. Folate, which is a type of vitamin B, is needed for various vital processes in the body, including the development of red blood cells and cell division. This vitamin is also very important during pregnancy as it supports fetal growth and development. Additionally, lettuce also contains vitamin A, which plays a crucial role in growth, development, cellular communication, and immune function. Not only that, vitamin K is also present in significant amounts in lettuce, which is important for bone health and blood clotting processes.

Lettuce is rich in plant compounds such as carotenoids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, all of which have strong cell-protective properties. Carotenoids in lettuce have antioxidant effects that can protect the body from cell damage. They work by neutralizing highly reactive compounds called free radicals, which are byproducts of metabolism and other processes.

Eating more fresh vegetables, such as lettuce, can improve mental health and reduce the risk of depression symptoms. A study in 2018 involving 422 participants showed that individuals who consumed more fresh vegetables and fruits had lower levels of depression symptoms. They also tended to have a more positive mood and higher levels of life satisfaction compared to those who consumed more processed or canned fruits and vegetables.