The Law of Performing Hajj for Children who have not Reached Puberty According to the Opinion of Scholars, Is it Valid or Not?
"In performing the Hajj pilgrimage, there are obligatory conditions that must be fulfilled."
"In performing the Hajj pilgrimage, there are obligatory conditions that must be fulfilled."
Dream - Hajj is one of the worship that is dreamed by every Muslim in the world. However, not all Muslims have the opportunity to perform the Hajj, even though this worship is obligatory. This is because performing Hajj requires more preparation, both in terms of material, physical health, and mental health. Therefore, many Hajj pilgrims save money from a long time ago and can only depart when they are old. With that being said, when there are Muslims who can perform Hajj at a young age, it should certainly be grateful.
"But, what about children who have not reached puberty but have already performed the Hajj? Is it permissible in Islam? To find out the answer, here is a summary as compiled by Dream from various sources."
"Before performing the Hajj pilgrimage, Dream friends need to know in advance what are the obligatory requirements of Hajj. Here are the requirements:"
Islam: Someone who is not a Muslim and performs a series of Hajj rituals, their worship is not considered valid. Baligh: A person who performs Hajj must have reached maturity. If they have not reached maturity and have already performed Hajj, their worship is still valid, but it does not fulfill the obligatory requirements of Hajj. Berakal: It means being physically and mentally healthy. However, a person who has lost their memory, is insane, or mentally unstable is not obligated to perform Hajj. Merdeka: It means being free from a certain condition, so that one is not bound in a certain matter or colonization. Although there is currently no slavery, the obligation to perform Hajj is not required for slaves or servant who are Muslims.
Mampu: The standard in performing this hajj worship consists of two aspects, namely being financially and physically capable. Ada Kendaraan: The availability of good transportation for the hajj pilgrimage. If not available, then it is obligatory to be financially capable of financing transportation in carrying out the hajj worship. Safe Journey: In carrying out the hajj worship, there are no difficulties or free from dangers that hinder. This security is related to oneself, soul, or wealth.
"It is not impossible for a young child to perform the hajj pilgrimage. Usually, they depart due to an invitation."
Considering that young children are not yet able to decide for themselves, the law regarding Hajj for children who have not reached the age of maturity is explained in the book Tuhfat Al-Ahwadzi by Imam An-Nawawi as follows: "In this hadith, there is evidence for Imam Shafi'i, Malik, Ahmad, and the majority of scholars that Hajj for young children is valid and they will receive rewards, even though it does not fulfill the pillars of Islam, but it is recommended." (Al-Mubarakfuri, Tuhfat al-Ahwadzi bi Syarh Jami' at-Tirmidzi, Al-Quds, Cairo, Volume 3, Page 110)
Through the above hadith, scholars from the Shafi'i, Maliki, and Hanbali schools of thought state that the Hajj of a young child who has not reached puberty is valid. However, from a legal perspective, it is considered recommended. This means that it does not fulfill the obligation of Hajj as the fifth pillar of Islam. On the other hand, according to Abu Hanifah, the Hajj of a young child who has not reached puberty is not valid. The Prophet Muhammad once said, "Any young child who performs Hajj before reaching puberty must perform Hajj again after reaching puberty. And any slave who performs Hajj and then becomes free must also perform Hajj again."
So, if the child is already mumayyiz, then he can intend to perform ihram himself and carry out the hajj rituals. However, if he is not yet mumayyiz, then his guardian can intend ihram, carry out the talbiyah, tawaf, and sai with him, stand at Arafah, and throw the jamarat for the child.
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