Carbohydrates are sugar molecules that are one of the three main sources of nutrients, along with fats and proteins. The body obtains carbohydrates from three main types: natural sugars found in fruits or processed sweet foods, starch found in bread, potatoes, and pasta, and fiber that is important for intestinal and heart health. Bread is a good carbohydrate choice because of its flexibility and wide availability. Among the various types of bread available, some are categorized as healthy bread.

Whole wheat bread uses the entire part of the wheat in its production process. This includes the outer layer of the grains or bran, which is rich in antioxidants, fiber, and vitamin B. In addition to bran, there is also the germ part of the wheat that contains vitamin B, minerals, and healthy fats. Lastly, the endosperm provides carbohydrates rich in flour, protein, and a small amount of vitamins and minerals. Each slice of whole wheat bread, weighing approximately 32 grams, provides about 80.6 calories, 3.97 grams of protein, 13.7 grams of carbohydrates, and 1.92 grams of fiber.

Black wheat bread is made from black wheat which is rich in fiber, especially in its endosperm. The type of fiber found in black wheat also has the ability to provide a feeling of fullness faster. Thanks to its high fiber content, black wheat bread products tend to have a lower glycemic index compared to regular wheat bread and most other grain products. The glycemic index measures how quickly food raises a person's blood sugar levels. One slice of black wheat bread, approximately 71 grams, provides about 140 calories, 4 grams of protein, 33 grams of carbohydrates, and 7.03 grams of fiber.

Whole wheat bread enriched with grains usually contains flaxseeds, pumpkin seeds, or sunflower seeds. The addition of these grains not only provides better taste and texture to the bread but also adds a chewy and crispy impression that is liked by some people. In addition, the addition of grains can increase the protein and fiber content in the bread. One slice of whole wheat bread containing a mixture of grains, about 45 grams, provides about 110 calories, 5 grams of protein, 18 grams of carbohydrates, and 5.98 grams of fiber.

One piece (25 grams) of gluten-free wheat bread made from a mixture of tapioca flour and red rice flour usually provides 77.2 calories, 1.81 grams of protein, 12.3 grams of carbohydrates, and 1.22 grams of fiber.

Sourdough bread is produced through a fermentation process using natural bacteria and yeast present in the flour. This process results in bread with a chewy texture and long shelf life. In addition, fermentation in sourdough bread can significantly reduce FODMAP content, making it easier to digest. Each serving of sourdough bread (weighing 28.35 grams) provides approximately 77.1 calories, 3.06 grams of protein, 14.7 grams of carbohydrates, and 0.624 grams of fiber.